It seems like the ActivityRecognition plugin is not properly linked in XCode since #import <activity_recognition/ActivityRecognitionPlugin.h> results in the following error:

'activity_recognition/ActivityRecognitionPlugin.h' file not found

I've opened an issue on the GIthub page of the plugin (link)

When I use interval trigger it works for a few seconds and then it stops. For example when I have the following code in local_study_protocol_managaer.dart:

    protocol.addTriggeredTask(
        IntervalTrigger(period: Duration(milliseconds: 300)),
        BackgroundTask()
          ..addMeasure(Measure(type: SensorSamplingPackage.PEDOMETER)),
        phone);

I get the following output:

Performing hot restart...                                               
Restarted application in 1.058ms.
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] Time zone set to Europe/Brussels
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] Settings initialized
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] SensingBLoC initialized
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] Initializing Sensing - mode: DeploymentMode.LOCAL
I/flutter (16264): ===========================================================
I/flutter (16264):   CARP Mobile Sensing (CAMS) - SmartPhoneClientManager
I/flutter (16264): ===========================================================
I/flutter (16264):   deployment service : SmartphoneDeploymentService
I/flutter (16264):    device controller : DeviceController [6]
I/flutter (16264):            device ID : SP1A.210812.016
I/flutter (16264):    available devices : (Smartphone, LocationService, AirQualityService, ..., PolarDevice, ESenseDevice)
I/flutter (16264): ===========================================================
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] Adding study to SmartPhoneClientManager - Study - studyDeploymentId: asdf222, deviceRoleName: masterphone
I/flutter (16264): SmartphoneDeploymentController - Study deployment 'asdf222' successfully deployed.
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] Saving deployment to file '/data/user/0/dk.cachet.carp_mobile_sensing_app/app_flutter/carp/deployments/asdf222/deployment.json'.
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] Configuring SmartphoneDeploymentController
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] Initializing device manager, type: dk.cachet.carp.protocols.domain.devices.Smartphone, descriptor.: Smartphone - roleName: masterphone, isMasterDevice: true
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS DEBUG] SmartphoneDeviceManager - setting device status: DeviceStatus.initialized
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] AppTaskController - Restoring task queue from file '/data/user/0/dk.cachet.carp_mobile_sensing_app/app_flutter/carp/tasks.json'.
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] AwesomeNotificationController initialized.
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] Asking for permission for all measure types.
D/permissions_handler(16264): Bluetooth permission missing in manifest
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] Permissions for Permission.location : PermissionStatus.granted
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] Permissions for Permission.bluetoothScan : PermissionStatus.granted
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] Permissions for Permission.locationAlways : PermissionStatus.granted
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] Permissions for Permission.activity_recognition : PermissionStatus.granted
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] Permissions for Permission.microphone : PermissionStatus.granted
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] Permissions for Permission.camera : PermissionStatus.granted
D/permissions_handler(16264): Bluetooth permission missing in manifest
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] Permissions for Permission.bluetooth : PermissionStatus.denied
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] Permissions for Permission.bluetoothConnect : PermissionStatus.granted
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] Initializing SQLiteDataManager...
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS DEBUG] SQLiteDataManager - SQLite DB created
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] SQLite DB file path : /data/user/0/dk.cachet.carp_mobile_sensing_app/databases/carp-data-2022-11-12-10-11-27-934492Z.db
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] SmartphoneDeviceManager - Trying to connect to device of type: dk.cachet.carp.protocols.domain.devices.Smartphone and id: SP1A.210812.016
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS DEBUG] SmartphoneDeviceManager - setting device status: DeviceStatus.connected
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] SmartphoneDeviceManager - Trying to connect to device of type: dk.cachet.carp.protocols.domain.devices.Smartphone and id: SP1A.210812.016
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS DEBUG] SmartphoneDeviceManager - setting device status: DeviceStatus.connected
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] SmartphoneDeviceManager - Trying to connect to device of type: dk.cachet.carp.protocols.domain.devices.Smartphone and id: SP1A.210812.016
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS DEBUG] SmartphoneDeviceManager - setting device status: DeviceStatus.connected
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] SmartphoneDeviceManager - Trying to connect to device of type: dk.cachet.carp.protocols.domain.devices.Smartphone and id: SP1A.210812.016
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS DEBUG] SmartphoneDeviceManager - setting device status: DeviceStatus.connected
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] SmartphoneDeviceManager - Trying to connect to device of type: dk.cachet.carp.protocols.domain.devices.Smartphone and id: SP1A.210812.016
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS DEBUG] SmartphoneDeviceManager - setting device status: DeviceStatus.connected
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] SmartphoneDeviceManager - Trying to connect to device of type: dk.cachet.carp.protocols.domain.devices.Smartphone and id: SP1A.210812.016
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS DEBUG] SmartphoneDeviceManager - setting device status: DeviceStatus.connected
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] Initializing StudyDeploymentExecutor - configuration: SmartphoneDeployment - studyDeploymentId: asdf222, device: masterphone, title: CAMS App - Sensing Coverage Study, responsible: Alex B. Christensen,
 deployment: SmartphoneDeployment - studyDeploymentId: asdf222, device: masterphone, title: CAMS App - Sensing Coverage Study, responsible: Alex B. Christensen
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] Initializing TriggeredTaskExecutor - configuration: TriggeredTask - triggerId: 0, task: Task #5, targetDeviceRoleName: masterphone, deployment: SmartphoneDeployment - studyDeploymentId: asdf222, device
: masterphone, title: CAMS App - Sensing Coverage Study, responsible: Alex B. Christensen
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] Initializing IntervalTriggerExecutor - configuration: Instance of 'IntervalTrigger', deployment: SmartphoneDeployment - studyDeploymentId: asdf222, device: masterphone, title: CAMS App - Sensing Covera
ge Study, responsible: Alex B. Christensen
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] Initializing BackgroundTaskExecutor - configuration: BackgroundTask - name: Task #5, measures size: 1, deployment: SmartphoneDeployment - studyDeploymentId: asdf222, device: masterphone, title: CAMS Ap
p - Sensing Coverage Study, responsible: Alex B. Christensen
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] Initializing PedometerProbe - configuration: Measure - type: dk.cachet.carp.pedometer, deployment: SmartphoneDeployment - studyDeploymentId: asdf222, device: masterphone, title: CAMS App - Sensing Cove
rage Study, responsible: Alex B. Christensen
I/flutter (16264): ===============================================================
I/flutter (16264):   CARP Mobile Sensing (CAMS) - SmartphoneDeploymentController
I/flutter (16264): ===============================================================
I/flutter (16264):  deployment id : asdf222
I/flutter (16264):  deployed time : 2022-11-12 11:11:27.848311
I/flutter (16264):        user id : 04dcd470-626a-11ed-99e1-097a86af6173
I/flutter (16264):       platform : Android
I/flutter (16264):      device ID : SP1A.210812.016
I/flutter (16264):   data manager : SQLiteDataManager
I/flutter (16264):  data endpoint : SQLiteDataEndPoint - type: SQLITE, dataFormat: dk.cachet.carp
I/flutter (16264):         status : Deployed
I/flutter (16264): ===============================================================
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] Starting data sampling ...
I/flutter (16264): END OF STAAAAAAART
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] Sensing initialized
I/ViewRootImpl@f29f95e[MainActivity](16264): ViewPostIme pointer 0
I/ViewRootImpl@f29f95e[MainActivity](16264): ViewPostIme pointer 1
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] Resuming StudyDeploymentExecutor
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] Resuming TriggeredTaskExecutor
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] Resuming IntervalTriggerExecutor
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] Resuming BackgroundTaskExecutor
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] Resuming PedometerProbe
D/SensorManager(16264): registerListener :: 191, step_counter  Non-wakeup, 0, 0,
I/flutter (16264): {
I/flutter (16264):  "carp_header": {
I/flutter (16264):   "study_id": "asdf222",
I/flutter (16264):   "device_role_name": "masterphone",
I/flutter (16264):   "trigger_id": "0",
I/flutter (16264):   "user_id": "04dcd470-626a-11ed-99e1-097a86af6173",
I/flutter (16264):   "start_time": "2022-11-12T10:11:30.474651Z",
I/flutter (16264):   "data_format": {
I/flutter (16264):    "namespace": "dk.cachet.carp",
I/flutter (16264):    "name": "pedometer"
I/flutter (16264):   }
I/flutter (16264):  },
I/flutter (16264):  "carp_body": {
I/flutter (16264):   "id": "6097ac60-6272-11ed-a5c8-83045561948c",
I/flutter (16264):   "timestamp": "2022-11-12T10:11:30.470122Z",
I/flutter (16264):   "step_count": 33339
I/flutter (16264):  }
I/flutter (16264): }
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS DEBUG] SQLiteDataManager - writing data point to SQLite - id: 1, type: dk.cachet.carp.pedometer
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] Resuming BackgroundTaskExecutor
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] Resuming PedometerProbe
D/SensorManager(16264): unregisterListener
D/SensorManager(16264): registerListener :: 191, step_counter  Non-wakeup, 0, 0,
I/flutter (16264): {
I/flutter (16264):  "carp_header": {
I/flutter (16264):   "study_id": "asdf222",
I/flutter (16264):   "device_role_name": "masterphone",
I/flutter (16264):   "trigger_id": "0",
I/flutter (16264):   "user_id": "04dcd470-626a-11ed-99e1-097a86af6173",
I/flutter (16264):   "start_time": "2022-11-12T10:11:31.470726Z",
I/flutter (16264):   "data_format": {
I/flutter (16264):    "namespace": "dk.cachet.carp",
I/flutter (16264):    "name": "pedometer"
I/flutter (16264):   }
I/flutter (16264):  },
I/flutter (16264):  "carp_body": {
I/flutter (16264):   "id": "613042e0-6272-11ed-b646-ad59d42c6d61",
I/flutter (16264):   "timestamp": "2022-11-12T10:11:31.470129Z",
I/flutter (16264):   "step_count": 33339
I/flutter (16264):  }
I/flutter (16264): }
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS DEBUG] SQLiteDataManager - writing data point to SQLite - id: 2, type: dk.cachet.carp.pedometer
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] Resuming BackgroundTaskExecutor
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] Resuming PedometerProbe
D/SensorManager(16264): unregisterListener
D/SensorManager(16264): registerListener :: 191, step_counter  Non-wakeup, 0, 0,
I/flutter (16264): {
I/flutter (16264):   "user_id": "04dcd470-626a-11ed-99e1-097a86af6173",
I/flutter (16264):   "start_time": "2022-11-12T10:11:32.467803Z",
I/flutter (16264):   "data_format": {
I/flutter (16264):    "namespace": "dk.cachet.carp",
I/flutter (16264):    "name": "pedometer"
I/flutter (16264):   }
I/flutter (16264):  },
I/flutter (16264):  "carp_body": {
I/flutter (16264):   "id": "61c86430-6272-11ed-b223-1b4b39d8795f",
I/flutter (16264):   "timestamp": "2022-11-12T10:11:32.467102Z",
I/flutter (16264):   "step_count": 33339
I/flutter (16264):  }
I/flutter (16264): }
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS DEBUG] SQLiteDataManager - writing data point to SQLite - id: 3, type: dk.cachet.carp.pedometer
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] Resuming BackgroundTaskExecutor
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] Resuming PedometerProbe
D/SensorManager(16264): unregisterListener
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] Pausing BackgroundTaskExecutor
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] Pausing PedometerProbe
D/SensorManager(16264): registerListener :: 191, step_counter  Non-wakeup, 0, 0,
D/SensorManager(16264): unregisterListener
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] Pausing BackgroundTaskExecutor
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS WARNING]  Trying to pause a BackgroundTaskExecutor in a state where this cannot be done - state: ExecutorState.paused
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] Pausing BackgroundTaskExecutor
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS WARNING]  Trying to pause a BackgroundTaskExecutor in a state where this cannot be done - state: ExecutorState.paused
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS INFO] Pausing BackgroundTaskExecutor
I/flutter (16264): [CAMS WARNING]  Trying to pause a BackgroundTaskExecutor in a state where this cannot be done - state: ExecutorState.paused

So I have output for a few seconds, and then it completely stops. The same holds for when I use the intervaltrigger with ContextSamplingPackage.LOCATION or DeviceSamplingPackage.DEVICE . The app is still open and I see no errors. I used the example app from GitHub.

I tried to use the package for passive sensing, but I can't get it to work.

I applied the best practice tips (https://github.com/cph-cachet/carp.sensing-flutter/wiki/5.-Best-Practice):

I used carp_mobile_sensing: 0.9.2. To test the package I simply created a new flutter project and added the following to _MyHomePageState

  @override
  void initState() {
    // TODO: implement initState
    super.initState();
    initCarp();
  }
  
  
  void initCarp() async {
    // Create a study using a local file to store data
    Study study = Study("2", '[email protected]',
        name: 'A study collecting ..',
        dataEndPoint: FileDataEndPoint()
          ..bufferSize = 500 * 1000
          ..zip = true
          ..encrypt = false);
    
    // but delay the sampling by 10 seconds
    study.addTriggerTask(
        ImmediateTrigger(),
        AutomaticTask(name: 'Sensor Task')
          ..addMeasure(PeriodicMeasure(MeasureType(NameSpace.CARP, SensorSamplingPackage.LIGHT),
              frequency: const Duration(seconds: 10), duration: const Duration(milliseconds: 100))));


    // Create a Study Controller that can manage this study.
    StudyController controller = StudyController(study);

    // await initialization before starting/resuming
    await controller.initialize();
    controller.resume();

    // listening and print all data events from the study
    controller.events.forEach(print);
  }

I also adapted the AndroidManifest as mentioned in the Readme.

When I read the generated files (e.g. carp/data/2/carp-data-2020-09-24-17-35-33-471360.json) I see that the app clearly logs every 10 second when I am in the app. When the app is open but the screen is closed I barely get any log and when the app is closed I get no logs at all.

I tested with Android emulator (Pixel 2, API 28) and my phone (Samsung Galaxy A40, Android 9).

Am I doing something wrong/can I change something, or is passive sensing just an illusion with current Android battery restrictions?

Thank you for your help!

Merijn

On almost all our iOS participants we had an issue that after a while of mobile sensing all the app related files (in NSDocumentDirectory on iOS) were gone (removed). As this does not happen to our app when mobile sensing is turned off I suspect it has something to do with the sensing.

I don't think that there is anything wrong with the CARP code that causes this. I just want to warn the community that this might happen and see if anybody else encountered this problem. We suspect however that it has something to do with gathering a big chunk of data and saving many files with sensing data on the phone.

We now implemented two fixes which seem (until now, fingers crossed) to solve the problem:

1. We make sure all mobile sensing files are uploaded regularly and deleted afterwards. Even if there is no Wifi. We think the problem might be caused by some storage issue. Uploading and deleting the files often may solve this.
2. Giving the most important files in the NSDocumentDirectory the key NSURLIsExcludedFromBackupKey. The reasoning here would be that some files are backed up and removed from the phone when too many files are written in the NSDocumentDirectory.

For now, we have no idea which of both solutions has helped :).

Motivation

We wish to publish our app, which uses various CARP package, to the Google Play Store. However, initially the app was rejected because we tried to collect SMS texts and call logs which Google considers to be a restricted group of permissions for which you need a valid reason to access those. Unfortunately, research is not in the list of exceptions. Hence, we would like to remove collection of SMS texts and call logs while still keeping collection of calendar information (all in the carp_communication_package).

The problem

Upon adding carp_communication_package 12.0.0 (or any later or earlier version for that matter), various restricted permissions such as android.permission.READ_SMS and android.permissions.REAL_CALL_LOG are automatically added because they reside in the call_log and sms plugin that the package uses. As a consequence, the app is automatically rejected from the Play Store. Unfortunately, this problem persists even when removing call log and SMS texts from the sensing list, since these plugins are loaded immediately upon registering carp_communication_package, regardless of whether the plugins will be used or not.

Resolution

I'm not sure whether there could be any solution for this problem since it would almost mean disassembling the package itself. Perhaps there exists some code which prevents the permission from being requested or the plugin from being loaded? At least the documentation could use a warning for other users puzzling why problems occurs when trying to get an app published to the Play Store.

Prior to carp_mobile_sensing: 0.10:0 the accelerometer worked fine like this

      MapEntry(
          SensorSamplingPackage.ACCELEROMETER,
          PeriodicMeasure(MeasureType(NameSpace.CARP, SensorSamplingPackage.ACCELEROMETER),
              name: 'Accelerometer',
              enabled: true,
              frequency: const Duration(milliseconds: 1000),
              duration: const Duration(milliseconds: 10))),

This would give me 1 measurement per second with 5 samples in the MultiDatum.

However, after version 0:10.0 was released, this no longer works and instead it gives something like

MultiDatum - format: unknown.unknown, id: 6eccc2d0-34b5-11eb-a996-8ffab3efffeb, timestamp: 2020-12-02 15:45:41.756658Z, size: 0

Only when I increase the frequency and duration to something like 3 and 1 seconds respectively does it work properly again, now with 4 or 5 samples in the MultiDatum every 3 seconds.

My questions:

• How do I increase the number of measurements to, say, every second?
• What does the duration actually do?

It seems like the access to the microphone is "taken" by the Noise probe. For example in the example below, first the noise probe collect data (for 2 secs) and work fine and returns a noise recording. Then, when the audio probe wants to record, it get and error in starting the recording -- in the line

E/MediaRecorder( 5788): start failed: -38

Full print from the carp mobile sensing app is:

I/flutter ( 5788): Starting Instance of 'NoiseProbe'
I/MediaRecorderJNI( 5788): setup
I/flutter ( 5788): Sensing started ...
I/MediaRecorderJNI( 5788): setAudioSource(1)
I/MediaRecorderJNI( 5788): setAudioEncoder(0)
I/MediaRecorderJNI( 5788): setOutputFile
I/MediaRecorderJNI( 5788): prepare
I/MediaRecorderJNI( 5788): start
D/NoiseMeterPlugin( 5788): listen()
I/flutter ( 5788): >> {"id":"fece0e90-5970-11e9-f9a7-a331c1237735","timestamp":"2019-04-28T11:30:16.184358Z","mean_decibel":34.23076923076923,"std_decibel":5.984859266008269,"min_decibel":0,"max_decibel":52}
I/flutter ( 5788): Noise - mean: 34.23076923076923, std: 5.984859266008269, min: 0, max: 52
D/FlutterSoundPlugin( 5788): startRecorder
I/MediaRecorderJNI( 5788): setup
I/MediaRecorderJNI( 5788): setAudioSource(1)
I/MediaRecorderJNI( 5788): setAudioEncoder(3)
I/MediaRecorderJNI( 5788): setParameter()
I/MediaRecorderJNI( 5788): setOutputFile
I/MediaRecorderJNI( 5788): prepare
I/MediaRecorderJNI( 5788): start
E/MediaRecorder( 5788): start failed: -38
E/FlutterSoundPlugin( 5788): Exception: 
E/FlutterSoundPlugin( 5788): java.lang.IllegalStateException
E/FlutterSoundPlugin( 5788): 	at android.media.MediaRecorder._start(Native Method)
E/FlutterSoundPlugin( 5788): 	at android.media.MediaRecorder.start(MediaRecorder.java:1310)
E/FlutterSoundPlugin( 5788): 	at com.dooboolab.fluttersound.FlutterSoundPlugin.startRecorder(FlutterSoundPlugin.java:162)
E/FlutterSoundPlugin( 5788): 	at com.dooboolab.fluttersound.FlutterSoundPlugin.lambda$onMethodCall$0$FlutterSoundPlugin(FlutterSoundPlugin.java:65)
E/FlutterSoundPlugin( 5788): 	at com.dooboolab.fluttersound.FlutterSoundPlugin$$Lambda$0.run(Unknown Source:8)
E/FlutterSoundPlugin( 5788): 	at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:457)
E/FlutterSoundPlugin( 5788): 	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
E/FlutterSoundPlugin( 5788): 	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1162)
E/FlutterSoundPlugin( 5788): 	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:636)
E/FlutterSoundPlugin( 5788): 	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:764)

Currently, accelerometer and periodic_accelerometer contain raw accelerometer measurements that include gravity. However, in analyses this gravity can be problematic as it convolutes any calculation to, for example, classify a distinct type of activity. More concretely, the real value along the x, y, and z-axis cannot be simply measured as these values are added by a (partial) portion of the gravity, based on the phone's rotation. Getting rid of the gravity on the individual x, y, and z-axes has only recently been possibly thanks to the addition of the magnetometer to CARP but this is not a straightforward process.

I am wondering if there is any reason why CARP uses measurments from the regular accelerometer instead those of those from the linear accelerometer on Android or the userAcceleration on iOS. Measurements from the linear accelerometer are based on the same measurements from the gyroscope but processed internally to remove gravity by including either the gyroscope or the magnetometer. I can imagine it may be due to unavailability on lower level APIs (though it has been available since API 9) or higher battery consumption, but even with these concerns I think there is a strong case to prefer accelerometer measurements without gravity.

Looking forward to hear your thoughts on this.

When installing apps on a real iPhone (not the simulator) on the iOS v. 13.3.1 the following problem occurs often.

dyld: Library not loaded: @rpath/CSV.framework/CSV
  Referenced from: /private/var/containers/Bundle/Application/42980BC7-DE1E-4D30-8C3D-81A9C20CC7DE/ESense_Example.app/ESense_Example
  Reason: no suitable image found.  Did find:
	/private/var/containers/Bundle/Application/42980BC7-DE1E-4D30-8C3D-81A9C20CC7DE/ESense_Example.app/Frameworks/CSV.framework/CSV: code signature invalid for '/private/var/containers/Bundle/Application/42980BC7-DE1E-4D30-8C3D-81A9C20CC7DE/ESense_Example.app/Frameworks/CSV.framework/CSV'

In this case it is the ESense causing problems, but it can be any library.

When compiling, we get the error

FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.

* What went wrong:
Execution failed for task ':app:preDebugBuild'.
> Android dependency 'com.android.support:support-compat' has different version for the compile (26.1.0) and runtime (27.1.1) classpath. You should manually set the same version via DependencyResolution

Basically, I removed the mention of "location" or "geolocation" from the protocol, but this is still being retrieved. Also, I tried to adjust the frequency of this collection (before removing it from the protocol), and it didn't work—always getting data every 500 ms or so (around twice every second, based on the logs).

Tested with a real device—iPhone 12 Pro Max on the latest public stable iOS version. The location permissions are set to "always allow." I tried downgrading them to "when using," and location data stopped being collected at all (even when on the app's screen).

Find below the protocol.json and the dependencies version.

I hope these information helps you finding the cause.

PROTOCOL ---

{ "ownerId": "[email protected]", "name": "second-test-study", "creationDate": "2022-11-08T12:00:00.000000Z", "masterDevices": [ { "$type": "dk.cachet.carp.protocols.domain.devices.CustomProtocolDevice", "isMasterDevice": true, "roleName": "masterphone", "samplingConfiguration": {} } ], "connectedDevices": [ { "$type": "dk.cachet.carp.protocols.domain.devices.LocationService", "isMasterDevice": false, "roleName": "location_service", "samplingConfiguration": {}, "accuracy": "balanced", "distance": 10.0, "interval": 60000000000 }, { "$type": "dk.cachet.carp.protocols.domain.devices.WeatherService", "isMasterDevice": false, "roleName": "weather_service", "samplingConfiguration": {}, "apiKey": "a44242484ff4686854dd8361c2fb48ab" } ], "connections": [], "triggers": { "0": { "$type": "dk.cachet.carp.protocols.domain.triggers.RandomRecurrentTrigger", "startTime": { "hour": 0, "minute": 0, "second": 0 }, "endTime": { "hour": 23, "minute": 59, "second": 0 }, "minNumberOfTriggers": 24, "maxNumberOfTriggers": 48, "duration": 1000 }, "1": { "$type": "dk.cachet.carp.protocols.domain.triggers.RandomRecurrentTrigger", "startTime": { "hour": 8, "minute": 0, "second": 0 }, "endTime": { "hour": 20, "minute": 0, "second": 0 }, "minNumberOfTriggers": 3, "maxNumberOfTriggers": 8, "duration": 1000 }, "2": { "$type": "dk.cachet.carp.protocols.domain.triggers.ImmediateTrigger" }, "4": { "$type": "dk.cachet.carp.protocols.domain.triggers.ImmediateTrigger" }, "5": { "$type": "dk.cachet.carp.protocols.domain.triggers.IntervalTrigger", "period": 1800000 } }, "tasks": [ { "$type": "dk.cachet.carp.protocols.domain.tasks.BackgroundTask", "name": "Task #5", "measures": [ { "$type": "dk.cachet.carp.protocols.domain.tasks.measures.Measure", "type": "dk.cachet.carp.pedometer" }, { "$type": "dk.cachet.carp.protocols.domain.tasks.measures.Measure", "type": "dk.cachet.carp.battery" } ] }, { "$type": "dk.cachet.carp.protocols.domain.tasks.BackgroundTask", "name": "Task #6", "measures": [ { "$type": "dk.cachet.carp.protocols.domain.tasks.measures.Measure", "type": "dk.cachet.carp.device" } ] }, { "$type": "dk.cachet.carp.protocols.domain.tasks.BackgroundTask", "name": "Task #7", "measures": [ { "$type": "dk.cachet.carp.protocols.domain.tasks.measures.Measure", "type": "dk.cachet.carp.activity" } ] }, { "$type": "dk.cachet.carp.protocols.domain.tasks.BackgroundTask", "name": "Task #9", "measures": [ { "$type": "dk.cachet.carp.protocols.domain.tasks.measures.Measure", "type": "dk.cachet.carp.mobility" } ] }, { "$type": "dk.cachet.carp.protocols.domain.tasks.BackgroundTask", "name": "Task #10", "measures": [ { "$type": "dk.cachet.carp.protocols.domain.tasks.measures.Measure", "type": "dk.cachet.carp.weather" } ] } ], "triggeredTasks": [ { "triggerId": 0, "taskName": "Task #5", "targetDeviceRoleName": "masterphone" }, { "triggerId": 1, "taskName": "Task #6", "targetDeviceRoleName": "masterphone" }, { "triggerId": 2, "taskName": "Task #7", "targetDeviceRoleName": "masterphone" }, { "triggerId": 4, "taskName": "Task #9", "targetDeviceRoleName": "location_service" }, { "triggerId": 5, "taskName": "Task #10", "targetDeviceRoleName": "weather_service" } ], "expectedParticipantData": [], "protocolDescription": { "$type": "StudyDescription", "title": "second test study", "description": "second test study", "purpose": "To test sensing coverage", "responsible": { "$type": "StudyResponsible", "id": "kw", "name": "Katarzyna Wac", "title": "Professor", "email": "[email protected]", "address": "Route de Drize 7", "affiliation": "University of Geneva" } }, "description": "The default study testing coverage of most measures. Used in the coverage tests.", "dataEndPoint": { "$type": "CarpDataEndPoint", "type": "CARP", "dataFormat": "dk.cachet.carp", "bufferSize": 500000, "zip": true, "encrypt": false, "uploadMethod": "DATA_POINT", "name": "CARP Production Server", "collection": "carp_sensing", "deleteWhenUploaded": true } }

DEPENDENCIES ---

environment: sdk: ">=2.12.0 <3.0.0"

dependencies: flutter: sdk: flutter

carp_core: ^0.40.3 carp_mobile_sensing: ^0.40.0 research_package: any carp_context_package: ^0.40.0 carp_connectivity_package: ^0.40.0 screen_state: ^2.0.0 #carp_communication_package: ^0.33.0 carp_health_package: any carp_apps_package: ^0.40.0 carp_backend: ^0.40.0 carp_webservices: ^0.40.1 #redirecting to settings ios/android app_settings: ^4.1.8 adaptive_theme: ^3.1.1 permission_handler: ^10.2.0

rxdart: ^0.27.5

provider: ^6.0.4 intl: ^0.17.0 http: ^0.13.5 cupertino_list_tile: ^0.2.1

The following adds the Cupertino Icons font to your application.

Use with the CupertinoIcons class for iOS style icons.

cupertino_icons: ^1.0.5 shared_preferences: ^2.0.15 flutter_localizations: sdk: flutter version: any dependency_overrides: rxdart: any telephony: ^0.2.0 battery_plus: any

dev_dependencies: flutter_test: sdk: flutter flutter_launcher_icons: ^0.10.0`

Lets say I want to completely change the protocol in the middle of a study. I have protocolPast and protocolFuture on the phone. What is the easiest way to do this in the app? I want to

1. Stop all sampling from protocolPast
2. initiate protocolFuture
3. Start all sampling from protocolFuture

Just running await Sensing().initialize() again with a new protocol clearly doesn't work. I'm probably ovelrooking something but I couldnt find it.

I use DeploymentMode.LOCAL from in the example app with

        _status = await SmartphoneDeploymentService().createStudyDeployment(
          protocolFuture,
          bloc.studyDeploymentId,
        );

After this Sensing().initialize() runs normally but doesn't change the protocol.

controller!.deployment?.hasChanged(); does not work and controller!.stop() gives an error:

E/flutter ( 2625): #0      _BroadcastStreamController.add (dart:async/broadcast_stream_controller.dart:243:24)
E/flutter ( 2625): #1      AbstractExecutor._setState (package:carp_mobile_sensing/runtime/executors/executors.dart:135:27)
E/flutter ( 2625): #2      _AbstractExecutorState.stop (package:carp_mobile_sensing/runtime/executors/executors.dart:298:14)
E/flutter ( 2625): #3      AbstractExecutor.stop (package:carp_mobile_sensing/runtime/executors/executors.dart:168:19)
E/flutter ( 2625): #4      SmartphoneDeploymentController.stop (package:carp_mobile_sensing/runtime/study_controller.dart:342:16)
E/flutter ( 2625): #5      Sensing.initialize (package:flutter_app2/SenseNew/sensing/sensing.dart:65:19)
E/flutter ( 2625): #6      MPathSensingList.doUpdateMobileSensing (package:flutter_app2/KULeuvenSensingFiles/mPathSensingModel.dart:220:21)
E/flutter ( 2625): #7      MPathSensingList.updateMobileSensing (package:flutter_app2/KULeuvenSensingFiles/mPathSensingModel.dart:145:17)

CARP now resumes sampling when the app restarts as part of the brand new release 0.40.0. This is a great (and much needed) feature as operating systems become more aggressive in killing apps that consume power in the background.

However, there is one component missing to bridge the gap of missing data: triggering event-based measures only once. For example, instead of waiting for a change in screen state to come in after the app has been killed and restarted, it would be useful to know what the current screen state is. In the case of screen states, I suppose one could infer this because each screen off event must be followed by a screen on event, but this is not the case for all sensors. Thus, manually requesting the current state of event-based sensors - rather than resuming sampling and waiting for a new event - may be advantageous for minimising data gaps.

Now, I am not sure how feasible this is for all sensors, as the underlying API in some cases is truly event-based, but I believe it is feasible in most cases. Activity recognition and screen state are of particular interest because, unlike other event-based sensors, these do not immediately sample when resumed. For the other event-based sensors, a workaround would be to create a very brief periodic measurement so that they are only triggered once, but I believe a more appropriate solution would be preferable.

Right now it seems to not start, if not granted "always".

I/flutter (19417): [CAMS INFO] LocationServiceManager - Trying to connect to device of type: dk.cachet.carp.protocols.domain.devices.LocationService and id: location_service
I/flutter (19417): [CAMS INFO] Configuring LocationManager - configuration: LocationService - roleName: location_service, isMasterDevice: false
I/flutter (19417): [CAMS WARNING]  LocationManager - Permission to collect location data 'Always' in the background has not been granted. Make sure to grant this BEFORE sensing is resumed. The context sampling package does not handle permissions. This should be handled on the application level.
I/flutter (19417): [CAMS DEBUG] LocationServiceManager - setting device status: DeviceStatus.disconnected

This issue contain notes on how to upgrade to carp_core v1.0.0-alpha.39.

• add / use the rpc-examples.zip json examples.
• update all the different application and service end point json
• update to the new carp.data domain model
• send data using the appendToDataStreams end point.

Issue uploading appbundles using android 12 to google play:

Android App Bundle which has an activity, activity alias, service or broadcast receiver with intent filter, but without the 'android:exported' property set. This file can't be installed on Android 12 or higher. See: developer.android.com/about/versions/12/behavior-changes-12#exported

https://stackoverflow.com/a/71134965 suggests that updating flutter_local_notifications might resolve this. However, other plugins might require updates as well.